Oil markets were roiled on Monday after hurricane Harvey wreaked havoc along the US Gulf coast over the weekend, crippling Houston and its port, and knocking out numerous refineries as well as some crude production.

Gasoline prices hit two-year highs as massive floods caused by the storm forced refineries across the US Gulf Coast to shut down.

In crude markets, US crude futures fell as the US refinery shutdowns could reduce the demand for American crude, while Brent futures also eased, giving up early gains due to pipeline blockades in Libya over the weekend.

Harvey is the most powerful hurricane to hit Texas in more than 50 years, killing at least two people, causing large-scale flooding, and forcing the closure of Houston port as well as several refineries.

The US National Hurricane Center (NHC) said on Monday that Harvey was moving away from the coast but was expected to linger close to the shore through Tuesday, and that floods would spread from Texas eastward to Louisiana.

Texas is home to 5.6 million barrels of refining capacity per day, and Louisiana has 3.3 million barrels. Over 2 million barrels per day (bpd) of refining capacity were estimated to be offline as a result of the storm.

Spot prices for US gasoline futures surged 7 per cent to a peak of $1.7799 per gallon, the highest level since late July 2015, before easing to $1.7281 by 0703 GMT.

To avoid a fuel shortage, US traders were seeking oil product cargoes from North Asia, several refining and shipping sources told Reuters on Monday.

“There may be meaningful and long-term damage to Texas' refining capacity,” said Jeffrey Halley, analyst at futures brokerage OANDA.

Crude production was also affected, but to a lesser degree. About 22 per cent or 379,000 bpd of Gulf production was idled due to the storm as of Sunday afternoon, according to the US Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. There may also be around 300,000 bpd of onshore US production shut in, trading sources said.

US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) futures were at $47.50 a barrel, down 37 cents, or 0.7 per cent, from their last settlement.

“It may well be that the market feels the choke point in petroleum's value chain is not (crude) production, but refined products,” Halley said.

If US oil production is little affected, there could be excess crude as refiners stay shut and don't process crude to produce fuel.

In international oil markets, Brent crude was down 7 cents, or 0.1 per cent, at $52.34 per barrel. Brent was intially supported after Libyan pipeline blockades disrupted crude supplies, traders said.

These opposing price movements pushed the WTI discount versus Brent to as much as $4.99 per barrel, the widest in two years.

Although the full extent of the storm's damage is not yet clear, some analysts said the impact would be felt globally and affect energy markets for weeks.

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