Beijing, January 3China's state media played down the severity on Tuesday of the Covid-19 wave surging over the country, with its scientists expected to give a briefing to the World Health Organization on the evolution of the virus later in the day.

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China's abrupt U-turn on Covid controls on December 7, as well as the accuracy of its case and mortality data, have come under increasing scrutiny at home and overseas and prompted some countries to impose travel curbs.

The policy shift followed protests over the "zero Covid" approach championed by President Xi Jinping, marking the strongest show of public defiance in his decade-old presidency and coinciding with the slowest growth in China in nearly half a century.

As the virus spreads unchecked, funeral parlours report a spike in demand for their services and international health experts predict at least one million deaths in the world's most populous country this year.

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China reported three new Covid deaths on Monday, up from one on Sunday. Its official death toll since the pandemic began now stands at 5,253.

In an article on Tuesday, People's Daily, the official newspaper of the Communist Party, cited several Chinese experts as saying the illness caused by the virus was relatively mild for most people.

"Severe and critical illnesses account for 3 to 4 per cent of infected patients currently admitted to designated hospitals in Beijing," Tong Zhaohui, Vice President of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, told the newspaper.

Kang Yan, head of West China Tianfu Hospital of Sichuan University, said that in the past three weeks, a total of 46 critically ill patients have been admitted to intensive care units, accounting for about 1 per cent of symptomatic infections.

More than 80 per cent of those living in the southwestern Sichuan province have been infected, local health authorities said.

‘Political logic’

The World Health Organization on Friday urged China's health officials to regularly share specific and real-time information on the Covid situation.

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The agency has invited Chinese scientists to present detailed data on viral sequencing at a meeting of a technical advisory group scheduled for Tuesday. It has also asked China to share data on hospitalizations, deaths and vaccinations.

The European Union has offered free Covid vaccines to China to help contain the outbreak, the Financial Times reported on Tuesday.

EU government health officials will hold talks on Wednesday on a coordinated response to China's outbreak, the Swedish EU presidency said on Monday.

The United States, France, Australia, India and others will require mandatory Covid tests on travellers from China, while Belgium said it will test wastewater from planes from China for new Covid variants.

China has rejected criticism of its Covid data and said any new mutations may be more infectious but less harmful.

"According to the political logic of some people in Europe and the United States, whether China opens or does not open is equally the wrong thing to do," state-run CCTV said in a commentary late on Monday.

Economic concerns

As Chinese workers and shoppers are falling ill, concerns mount about growth prospects in the world's second-largest economy, weighing on Asian stocks.

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Data on Tuesday showed China's factory activity shrank at a sharper pace in December as the Covid wave disrupted production and hurt demand.

December shipments from Foxconn's Zhengzhou iPhone plant, disrupted late last year by a Covid outbreak that prompted worker departures and unrest, were 90 per cent of the firm's initial plans, a source with direct knowledge of the matter said.

A "bushfire" of infections in China in coming months is likely to hurt its economy this year and drag on global growth, said the head of the International Monetary Fund, Kristalina Georgieva.

"China is entering the most dangerous weeks of the pandemic," warned analysts at Capital Economics.

"The authorities are making almost no efforts now to slow the spread of infections and, with the migration ahead of Lunar New Year getting started, any parts of the country not currently in a major Covid wave will be soon."

Mobility data suggested that economic activity was depressed nationwide and would likely remain so until the infection wave began to subside, they added.

China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism said the domestic tourism market saw 52.71 million trips during the New Year holiday, flat year-on-year and only 43 per cent of the 2019 levels, before the pandemic.

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The revenue generated was over 26.52 billion yuan ($3.84 billion), up 4 per cent year-on-year but only about 35 per cent of the revenue created in 2019, the ministry said.

Expectations are higher for China's biggest holiday, the Lunar New Year, later this month, when some experts expect daily Covid cases to have already peaked in many parts of the country. Some hotels in the southern tourist resort of Sanya are fully booked for the period, Chinese media reported.

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